Anaesthesia and pain
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Diamorphine hydrochloride: informing intrathecal risk assessment
29 October 2025Diamorphine products vary in their licensed status and other characteristics which affects their suitability for intrathecal administration
Hydromorphone: informing intrathecal risk assessment
8 July 2025Hydromorphone products vary in their licensed status and other characteristics which affects their suitability for intrathecal administration
Clonidine: informing intrathecal risk assessment
13 May 2025Clonidine products vary in their licensed status and other characteristics which affects their suitability for intrathecal administration
Pain: treatment during pregnancy
3 April 2025A summary of pharmacological options commonly used to treat pain in primary care.
Switching between morphine and other opioids in palliative care
1 April 2025Switching between oral morphine and other oral opioids requires care and thoughtful application of a stepped process.
Using paracetamol during breastfeeding
11 October 2024Paracetamol is one of the analgesics of choice for treating mild to moderate pain during breastfeeding. Recommendations apply to full term and healthy infants.
Using codeine, dihydrocodeine or tramadol during breastfeeding
18 June 2024Tramadol and dihydrocodeine can be used while breastfeeding for pain control. Codeine should not be used . Advice applies to full term, healthy infants.
Using NSAIDS during breastfeeding
3 April 2024Ibuprofen or diclofenac are the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) of choice. Recommendations apply to full term and healthy infants.
Bupivacaine: informing intrathecal risk assessment
3 April 2024Bupivacaine products vary in their licensed status and other characteristics which affects their suitability for intrathecal administration
Ziconotide: informing intrathecal risk assessment
19 February 2024Ziconotide products vary in their licensed status and other characteristics which affects their suitability for intrathecal administration